STEGANOGRAPHY

 Steganography is the practice of hiding a file, message, image, or video within another file, message, image, or video.

The word steganography  combines the Greek words steganos  meaning "covered, concealed, or protected", and graphein  meaning "writing".

TECHNIQUES:

1.    Physical messages

·         Hidden messages within wax tablet—in ancient Greece, people wrote messages on wood and covered it with wax that bore an innocent covering message.

·         During World War II, the French Resistance sent some messages written on the backs of couriers in invisible ink.

2.     Digital messages·         Concealing messages within the lowest bits of noisy images or sound files.

·         Changing the order of elements in a set.

·         Image bit-plane complexity segmentation steganography

3.  Digital text

·         Making text the same color as the background in word processor documents, e-mails, and forum posts.

·          HTML pages can contain code for extra blank spaces and tabs at the end of lines, and colours, fonts and sizes, which are not visible when displayed.

4.     Social steganography text

·         Hiding a message in the title and context of a shared video or image

·         Misspelling names or words that are popular in the media in a given week, to suggest an alternate meaning

·         Hiding a Picture which can be traced by using Paint or any other Drawing tool.

5.   Network

Network steganography covers a broad spectrum of techniques, which include, among others:

·         Steganophony — the concealment of messages in Voice-over-IP conversations

·         WLAN Steganography – transmission of steganograms in Wireless Local Area Networks. A practical example of WLAN Steganography is the HICCUPS system (Hidden Communication System for Corrupted Networks)

6.   Puzzles

The art of concealing data in a puzzle can take advantage of the degrees of freedom in stating the puzzle, using the starting information to encode a key within the puzzle / puzzle image.

For instance, steganography using sudoku puzzles has as many keys as there are possible solutions of a sudoku puzzle, which is 6.71×10²¹. This is equivalent to around 70 bits, making it much stronger method, which uses a 56 bit key.

Applications

       I.            Use in modern printers

    II.            Alleged used by intelligence sevices

 III.            Distributed steganography

 IV.            Online challenge

 useful links related to steganography 

link1

link2

Author : Unknown

Share this

Related Posts